What happens if the output voltage of the power adapter does not match the input voltage of the device?

If the output voltage of the power adapter does not match the input voltage of the device, the following adverse consequences may occur: 1. High output voltage Device damage: Applying too high voltage to the device may exceed the withstand voltage limit of the internal electronic components of the device, leading to breakdown and burnout of the components. For example, for some precision integrated circuit chips, too high voltage may damage the internal transistor structure of the chip and make the chip unable to work properly. Components such as capacitors and resistors may also be damaged due to withstanding too high voltage. Capacitors may be charged to exceed their rated withstand voltage by too high voltage, resulting in explosion; resistors may heat up severely due to excessive current and even burn out. Safety risks: Too high voltage may cause the device casing to be electrified, increasing the risk of electric shock. Especially for some devices with metal casings, if the internal circuit malfunctions due to too high voltage, the casing may carry dangerous high voltage and cause electric shock injury to the user. It may also cause safety accidents such as fires. Too high voltage may cause severe heating inside the device. When the temperature rises to a certain extent, it may ignite surrounding flammable materials and cause a fire.

2. Low output voltage Device cannot work properly: When the output voltage of the power adapter is lower than the input voltage requirement of the device, the device may not start or work unstably. For example, some electronic devices need a specific voltage to drive their internal core components such as processors and memories. If the voltage is insufficient, these components may not operate normally, resulting in device crashes, restarts or abnormal functions. For motor-type devices, low voltage may cause the motor speed to drop and the output power to decrease, affecting the performance of the device. Battery damage (if the device has a built-in battery): If the device has a built-in battery and is continuously used in a low voltage state, it may cause damage to the battery. Low voltage may make the battery unable to charge normally or slow down the charging speed. Long-term use in a low voltage state may lead to a decrease in battery capacity and a shortening of battery life. It may even cause the battery to be over-discharged, further damaging the internal structure of the battery.